目录

创建应用

创建模型mysite\\polls\\models.py

激活模型mysite\\setting.py

为模型的改变生成迁移文件

应用数据库迁移

创建管理员账号

管理投票应用mysite\\polls\\admin.py

添加视图mysite\\polls\\views.py

添加路径mysite\\polls\\urls.py

创建模版mysite\\polls\\templates\\polls\\index.html

启动开发服务器python manage.py runserver

关于数据库配置，更多内容请看在Django中配置PostgreSQL-CSDN博客

创建应用

python manage.py startapp polls

创建模型 mysite\\polls\\models.py

from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):

    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    pub_date = models.DateTimeField("date published")

class Choice(models.Model):

    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

激活模型 mysite\\setting.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    "polls.apps.PollsConfig",

    "django.contrib.admin",

    "django.contrib.auth",

    "django.contrib.contenttypes",

    "django.contrib.sessions",

    "django.contrib.messages",

    "django.contrib.staticfiles",

]

为模型的改变生成迁移文件

python manage.py makemigrations polls

应用数据库迁移

python manage.py migrate

创建管理员账号

python manage.py createsuperuser

管理投票应用 mysite\\polls\\admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import Question,Choice

# class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):

#     model = Choice

#     extra = 3

# 通过 TabularInline （替代 StackedInline ）  单行显示关联

class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):

    model = Choice

    extra = 3

class QuestionAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    fieldsets = [

        (None, {"fields": ["question_text"]}),

        ("Date information", {"fields": ["pub_date"], "classes": ["collapse"]}),

    ]

    inlines = [ChoiceInline]

admin.site.register(Question, QuestionAdmin)

添加视图 mysite\\polls\\views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404,HttpResponseRedirect

from django.http import HttpResponse

from django.urls import reverse

from .models import Question,Choice

def index(request):

    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by("-pub_date")[:5]

    template = "polls/index.html"

    context = {

        "latest_question_list": latest_question_list,

    }

    return render(request,template,context)

def detail(request,question_id):

    question = get_object_or_404(Question,pk=question_id)

    template = "polls/detail.html"

    context = {

        "question":question,

    }

    return render(request,template,context)

def results(request, question_id):

    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)

    template = "polls/results.html"

    context = {

        "question": question,

    }

    return render(request,template,context)

def vote(request, question_id):

    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)

    try:

        selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST["choice"])

    except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist):

        template = "polls/detail.html"

        context = {

                "question": question,

                "error_message": "You didn't select a choice.",

        }

        return render(request,template,context)

    else:

        selected_choice.votes += 1

        selected_choice.save()

        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("polls:results", args=(question.id,)))

添加路径 mysite\\polls\\urls.py

from django.urls import path

from . import views

app_name = "polls"

urlpatterns = [

    path("", views.index, name="index"),

    path("/", views.detail, name="detail"),

    path("/results/", views.results, name="results"),

    path("/vote/", views.vote, name="vote"),

]

mysite\\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [

    path("polls/",include("polls.urls")),

    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),

]

创建模版 mysite\\polls\\templates\\polls\\index.html

    

    {% if latest_question_list %}

        {% for question in latest_question_list %}

        

• {{ question.question_text }}

        {% endfor %}

    

    {% else %}

No polls are available.

    {% endif %}

mysite\\polls\\templates\\polls\\detail.html

    

mysite\\polls\\templates\\polls\\results.html

   

{{ question.question_text }}

        {% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}

       

• {{ choice.choice_text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}

        {% endfor %}

   

    Vote again?

启动开发服务器 python manage.py runserver

管理地址 http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/应用地址 http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/

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