鸿蒙HarmonyOS APP开发入门3——组件(八 输入框组件 )——TextField组件

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鸿蒙HarmonyOS APP开发入门3——组件(八 输入框组件 )——TextField组件XML属性创建TextField设置TextField设置TextField的背景设置TextField的提示文字设置Bubble设置TextField的内边距设置TextField的多行显示设置TextField不可用状态响应焦点变化设置基线

实践运用实践1实践2

XML属性

TextField的共有XML属性继承自:Text

常见属性:

属性名称功能说明hint提示文字basement输入框基线的颜色element_cursor_bubble设置提示气泡element_selection_left_bubble设置选中之后左边的气泡element_selection_right_bubble设置选中之后右边的气泡text_input_type输入框中的输入类型(pattern_password密文展示)selection_color选中文字的颜色

创建TextField

在layout目录下的xml文件中创建一个TextField。

...

ohos:id="$+id:text_field"

ohos:height="40vp"

ohos:width="200vp"

ohos:top_margin="100vp"

ohos:left_margin="80vp"

ohos:left_padding="20vp"

/>

获取输入框的内容:

TextField textField = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_field);

String content = textField.getText();

设置TextField

设置TextField的背景

layout目录下xml文件的代码示例如下:

...

ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_text_field"

/>

graphic目录下xml文件(例:background_text_field.xml)的代码示例如下:

ohos:shape="rectangle">

ohos:radius="40"/>

ohos:color="#2788d9"/>

设置TextField的提示文字

ohos:text_alignment="vertical_center"/>ne number or email" ohos:text_alignment="vertical_center"/>

创建后的TextField效果

设置Bubble

...

ohos:element_cursor_bubble="$graphic:ele_cursor_bubble" />

其中ele_cursor_bubble.xml

ohos:shape="rectangle">

ohos:radius="40"/>

ohos:color="#17a98e"/>

ohos:color="#17a98e"

ohos:width="10"/>

设置bubble的效果

设置TextField的内边距

...

ohos:left_padding="24vp"

ohos:right_padding="24vp"

ohos:top_padding="8vp"

ohos:bottom_padding="8vp"/>

设置TextField的多行显示

...

ohos:multiple_lines="true"/>

设置TextField不可用状态

通过TextField的Enable属性来控制文本框是否可用,当设置成false后,文本框输入功能不可用。

textField.setEnabled(false);

响应焦点变化

textField.setFocusChangedListener((component, isFocused) -> {

if (isFocused) {

// 获取到焦点

...

} else {

// 失去焦点

...

}

});

设置基线

...

ohos:basement="#ff0000" />

设置基线的效果

实践运用

实践1

当点击登录按钮,将会出现错误提示,同时将会改变TextField的状态。

演示TextField错误提示效果

ability_text_field.xml代码示例:

xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"

ohos:width="match_parent"

ohos:height="match_parent"

ohos:background_element="#FF000000"

ohos:orientation="vertical">

ohos:top_margin="60vp"

ohos:width="match_parent"

ohos:height="match_content"

ohos:layout_alignment="center">

ohos:id="$+id:name_textField"

ohos:width="600vp"

ohos:height="match_content"

ohos:multiple_lines="false"

ohos:left_padding="24vp"

ohos:right_padding="24vp"

ohos:top_padding="8vp"

ohos:bottom_padding="8vp"

ohos:min_height="44vp"

ohos:text_size="18fp"

ohos:layout_alignment="center"

ohos:text_alignment="vertical_center"

ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_text_field"

ohos:hint="Enter phone number or email" />

ohos:visibility="hide"

ohos:id="$+id:error_tip_text"

ohos:width="match_content"

ohos:height="match_content"

ohos:top_padding="8vp"

ohos:bottom_padding="8vp"

ohos:right_margin="20vp"

ohos:text="Incorrect account or password"

ohos:text_size="18fp"

ohos:text_color="red"

ohos:layout_alignment="right"/>

ohos:top_margin="40vp"

ohos:id="$+id:password_text_field"

ohos:width="600vp"

ohos:height="match_content"

ohos:multiple_lines="false"

ohos:left_padding="24vp"

ohos:right_padding="24vp"

ohos:top_padding="8vp"

ohos:bottom_padding="8vp"

ohos:min_height="44vp"

ohos:text_size="18fp"

ohos:layout_alignment="center"

ohos:text_alignment="vertical_center"

ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_text_field"

ohos:hint="Enter password" />

ohos:top_margin="40vp"

ohos:id="$+id:ensure_button"

ohos:width="120vp"

ohos:height="35vp"

ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_btn"

ohos:text="Log in"

ohos:text_size="20fp"

ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"/>

background_text_field.xml代码示例:

ohos:shape="rectangle">

ohos:radius="40"/>

ohos:color="white"/>

ohos:color="black"

ohos:width="6"/>

background_btn.xml代码示例:

ohos:shape="rectangle">

ohos:radius="35"/>

ohos:color="white"/>

Java代码示例: // 当点击登录,改变相应组件的样式

Button button = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_ensure_button);

button.setClickedListener((component -> {

// 显示错误提示的Text

Text text = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_error_tip_text);

text.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE);

// 显示TextField错误状态下的样式

ShapeElement errorElement = new ShapeElement(this, ResourceTable.Graphic_background_text_field_error);

TextField textField = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_name_textField);

textField.setBackground(errorElement);

// TextField失去焦点

textField.clearFocus();

}));

其中background_text_field_error.xml代码示例:

ohos:shape="rectangle">

ohos:radius="40"/>

ohos:color="gray"/>

ohos:color="#E74C3C"

ohos:width="6"/>

实践2

获取文本输入框中的内容并进行吐司提示

xml文件

xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"

ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent"

ohos:background_element="#F2F2F2"

ohos:orientation="vertical" >

ohos:id="$+id:text"

ohos:height="50vp"

ohos:width="319vp"

ohos:background_element="#FFFFFF"

ohos:hint="请输入信息"

ohos:hint_color="#999999"

ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"

ohos:text_alignment="center"

ohos:text_size="17fp"

ohos:top_margin="100vp"/>

ohos:id="$+id:but"

ohos:height="47vp"

ohos:width="319vp"

ohos:background_element="#21a8FD"

ohos:layout_alignment="center"

ohos:text="获取信息"

ohos:text_alignment="center"

ohos:text_color="#FEFEFE"

ohos:text_size="24vp"

ohos:top_margin="77vp"/>

Java代码

public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice implements Component.ClickedListener {

TextField tf; Button but; @Override

public void onStart(Intent intent) {

super.onStart(intent);

super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);

//1.找到文本输入框组件对象

tf = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text);

//找到按钮组件对象

but = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_but);

//2.给按钮绑定一个点击事件 //当点击了按钮之后,就要获取文本输入框中的内容

but.setClickedListener(this);

}

@Override

public void onActive() {

super.onActive();

}

@Override

public void onForeground(Intent intent) {

super.onForeground(intent);

}

@Override

public void onClick(Component component) {

//当点击了按钮之后,获取文本输入框中的内容

String message = tf.getText();

//利用一个吐司将信息弹出

ToastDialog td = new ToastDialog(this);

//大小不用设置,默认就是包裹内容的

//自动关闭不用设置,默认到了时间之后就自动关闭

//持续时间可以不用设置,默认2秒 //设置吐司的背景。

td.setTransparent(true);

//位置(默认居中)

td.setAlignment(LayoutAlignment.BOTTOM);

//设置一个偏移

td.setOffset(0,200);

//设置吐司的内容

td.setText(message);

//让吐司出现

td.show();

}

}

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