debian 人工智能 单片机 树莓派5安装PlatformIO IDE

PlatformIO IDE是一个开源的物联网生态系统，其核心是一个功能齐备的跨平台IDE。它支持多种硬件平台，包括Arduino、ESP32、Raspberry Pi、STM32等，集成了库管理器、调试器、构建工具和上传工具等多种功能，大大降低了物联网开发的门槛。 PlatformIO IDE提供了C/C++的代码智能提示，程序库管理，内置命令行等功能。此外，PlatformIO for Visual Studio Code提供了构建、部署、设备监视器、程序库搜索等主要功能。它为超过350个的嵌入式设备提供了良好的开发环境。 我们已经在树莓派5上完成了VScode的设置，现在安装PlatformIO IDE插件吧。

点击extensions market，搜索PlatformIO，之后点击install就OK了。

以安装乐鑫esp32 SDK开发环境为例

点击蚂蚁脑壳–>Platforms–>Embedded–>Espressif 32，跳转以后点击install开始安装。 完成以后的界面，感觉在树莓派5上安装速度比在PC上快多了。 在终端上输入：pio upgrade 升级一下。 创建项目等和在Windows系统操作均相同就不再赘述了。

树莓派5的机制下的安装重点

什么是udev？ 如果您使用 Windows 计算机，您可能习惯于插入ESP32的串口到PC电脑的USB并获得“COM”作为端口号——并且该端口号与设备保持一致！如果您拔下该USB并插入另一个USB，它永远不会获得相同的名称。同样道理在树莓派5中，它们将轮流枚举为 usb0、usb1、usb2（或 tty0）等，具体取决于它们插入的顺序。即使您让设备保持接通电源，它们有时也会在重新启动时切换位置。但是，每个串口只会获得唯一的序列号。这就是udev机制的白名单再起作用。 Udev 将所有规则存储在 /etc/udev/rules.d/ 目录中。 输入以下命令查看一下：

cd /etc/udev/rules.d/

ls

在PC电脑上用文本文件创建一个名为99-platformio-udev.rules 的文件。输入以下内容，然后保存。用WinSCP上传到树莓派5的/home/pi/里面。

# CP210X USB UART

ATTRS{idVendor}=="10c4", ATTRS{idProduct}=="ea[67][013]", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

ATTRS{idVendor}=="10c4", ATTRS{idProduct}=="80a9", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# FT231XS USB UART

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6015", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Prolific Technology, Inc. PL2303 Serial Port

ATTRS{idVendor}=="067b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2303", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# QinHeng Electronics HL-340 USB-Serial adapter

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a86", ATTRS{idProduct}=="7523", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# QinHeng Electronics CH9102 USB-Serial adapter

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a86", ATTRS{idProduct}=="55d4", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Arduino boards

ATTRS{idVendor}=="2341", ATTRS{idProduct}=="[08][023]*", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

ATTRS{idVendor}=="2a03", ATTRS{idProduct}=="[08][02]*", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Arduino SAM-BA

ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6124", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{MTP_NO_PROBE}="1"

# Digistump boards

ATTRS{idVendor}=="16d0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0753", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Maple with DFU

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1eaf", ATTRS{idProduct}=="000[34]", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# USBtiny

ATTRS{idProduct}=="0c9f", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1781", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# USBasp V2.0

ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="05dc", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Teensy boards

ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="04[789B]?", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="04[789A]?", ENV{MTP_NO_PROBE}="1"

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="04[789ABCD]?", MODE:="0666"

KERNEL=="ttyACM*", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="04[789B]?", MODE:="0666"

# TI Stellaris Launchpad

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1cbe", ATTRS{idProduct}=="00fd", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# TI MSP430 Launchpad

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0451", ATTRS{idProduct}=="f432", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# GD32V DFU Bootloader

ATTRS{idVendor}=="28e9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0189", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# FireBeetle-ESP32

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a86", ATTRS{idProduct}=="7522", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Wio Terminal

ATTRS{idVendor}=="2886", ATTRS{idProduct}=="[08]02d", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Raspberry Pi Pico

ATTRS{idVendor}=="2e8a", ATTRS{idProduct}=="[01]*", MODE:="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# AIR32F103

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0d28", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0204", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

#

# Debuggers

#

# Black Magic Probe

SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{interface}=="Black Magic GDB Server", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{interface}=="Black Magic UART Port", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# opendous and estick

ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="204f", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Original FT232/FT245/FT2232/FT232H/FT4232

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="60[01][104]", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# DISTORTEC JTAG-lock-pick Tiny 2

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="8220", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# TUMPA, TUMPA Lite

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="8a9[89]", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# XDS100v2

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="a6d0", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Xverve Signalyzer Tool (DT-USB-ST), Signalyzer LITE (DT-USB-SLITE)

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="bca[01]", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# TI/Luminary Stellaris Evaluation Board FTDI (several)

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="bcd[9a]", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# egnite Turtelizer 2

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="bdc8", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Section5 ICEbear

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c14[01]", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Amontec JTAGkey and JTAGkey-tiny

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="cff8", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# TI ICDI

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0451", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c32a", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# STLink probes

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0483", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Hilscher NXHX Boards

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0640", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0028", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Hitex probes

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0640", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Altera USB Blaster

ATTRS{idVendor}=="09fb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6001", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Amontec JTAGkey-HiSpeed

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0fbb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1000", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# SEGGER J-Link

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1366", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Raisonance RLink

ATTRS{idVendor}=="138e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9000", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Debug Board for Neo1973

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1457", ATTRS{idProduct}=="5118", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Olimex probes

ATTRS{idVendor}=="15ba", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# USBprog with OpenOCD firmware

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1781", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0c63", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# TI/Luminary Stellaris In-Circuit Debug Interface (ICDI) Board

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1cbe", ATTRS{idProduct}=="00fd", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Marvell Sheevaplug

ATTRS{idVendor}=="9e88", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9e8f", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Keil Software, Inc. ULink

ATTRS{idVendor}=="c251", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2710", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# CMSIS-DAP compatible adapters

ATTRS{product}=="*CMSIS-DAP*", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Atmel AVR Dragon

ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2107", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

# Espressif USB JTAG/serial debug unit

ATTRS{idVendor}=="303a", ATTR{idProduct}=="1001", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1", ENV{ID_MM_PORT_IGNORE}="1"

把这个文件移动到/etc/udev/rules.d/之下，udev重启生效。

sudo mv 99-platformio-udev.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/

sudo service udev restart

这样PlatformIO允许的设备都会被udev白名单接受。

PlatformIO查看udev信息的方法

现在用一根优质的数据线连接ESP32开发板，板载的ttl转usb芯片是ch341或者ch343。 打开PlatformIO IDE，点击Devices,就能看到这个ttl转usb芯片被赋予了ttyUSB0和ttyAMA10 另外还可以在终端里输入：

pio device list

我们在终端上输入：

udevadm info -q path -n /dev/ttyUSB0

返回的udev中的具体信息如下： 这是vim编辑器显示的内容退出要输入 ,shift+:, 再输入q。

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