运维 Nginx Socket代理

文章目录

前言简单的 Nginx stream 代理配置负载均衡配置

一、编译安装支持stream 模块的Nginx1.安装必要的编译工具和依赖项2. 下载Nginx源代码3. 配置编译选项4. 编译和安装5. 启动 Nginx6. 验证安装

二、Nginx命令1. 启动 Nginx2. 停止 Nginx3. 重新加载配置4. 测试配置文件的语法5. 显示版本信息6. 显示编译选项7. 其他常用命令

三、Nginx stream配置3.1 编辑nginx.conf文件3.2检查配置文件是否正确3.3 使配置文件生效

前言

Nginx 的 socket 代理通常指的是 Nginx 通过 stream 模块来处理非 HTTP 的 TCP 流量，比如数据库连接、SSH 连接或其他 TCP 协议的流量。stream 模块允许 Nginx 作为一个反向代理来处理这些连接。

简单的 Nginx stream 代理配置

以下是一个简单的 Nginx stream 代理配置示例，用于代理 TCP 连接：

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

stream {

server {

listen ; # Nginx 监听的本地端口

proxy_pass :; # 后端服务器的地址和端口

# 可选配置项

# proxy_connect_timeout 1s; # 连接超时时间

# proxy_timeout 10m; # 代理超时时间

}

}

在这个配置中，你需要替换 为 Nginx 将要监听的本地端口，以及 和 为实际的后端服务器地址和端口。

负载均衡配置

stream 模块还支持负载均衡。你可以使用 upstream 块来定义一组后端服务器，然后在 server 块中引用这个 upstream 块。

stream {

upstream backend_servers {

server backend1.example.com:12345;

server backend2.example.com:12345;

# 可以添加更多服务器

# 可选配置项

# hash $remote_addr; # 根据客户端 IP 进行哈希负载均衡

# least_conn; # 使用最少连接数的服务器

}

server {

listen ;

proxy_pass backend_servers;

}

}

注意几点：

stream 模块：确保你的 Nginx 版本支持 stream 模块。较新版本的 Nginx 默认包含这个模块。非 HTTP 流量：stream 模块处理的是 TCP 流量，不是 HTTP 流量。因此，它不适合代理 web 请求。安全性：当你代理敏感数据（如数据库连接）时，请确保使用加密连接（如 SSL/TLS），并在 Nginx 配置中启用相应的加密选项。负载均衡：除了简单的代理功能外，你还可以使用 stream 模块来实现 TCP 连接的负载均衡。这可以通过在 upstream 块中定义多个后端服务器来实现。日志和监控：与 HTTP 代理一样，你也可以为 stream 代理配置日志和监控功能，以便跟踪和调试连接问题。

一、编译安装支持stream 模块的Nginx

1.安装必要的编译工具和依赖项

在 CentOS 7 上，您可以使用以下命令安装这些工具：

sudo yum install gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib-devel make

2. 下载Nginx源代码

下载 Nginx 1.24.0 的源代码压缩包，并解压缩：

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

改名 mv nginx-1.24.0 nginxSrc

3. 配置编译选项

进入 Nginx 源代码目录并运行configure脚本，指定所需的stream功能模块。

[root@td66 nginxSrc]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-stream

checking for OS

+ Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 x86_64

checking for C compiler ... found

+ using GNU C compiler

+ gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)

checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found

checking for -Wl,-E switch ... found

checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found

checking for C99 variadic macros ... found

checking for gcc variadic macros ... found

checking for gcc builtin 64 bit byteswap ... found

checking for unistd.h ... found

checking for inttypes.h ... found

checking for limits.h ... found

checking for sys/filio.h ... not found

checking for sys/param.h ... found

checking for sys/mount.h ... found

checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found

checking for crypt.h ... found

checking for Linux specific features

checking for epoll ... found

checking for EPOLLRDHUP ... found

checking for EPOLLEXCLUSIVE ... not found

checking for eventfd() ... found

checking for O_PATH ... found

checking for sendfile() ... found

checking for sendfile64() ... found

checking for sys/prctl.h ... found

checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found

checking for prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS) ... found

checking for capabilities ... found

checking for crypt_r() ... found

checking for sys/vfs.h ... found

checking for UDP_SEGMENT ... not found

checking for nobody group ... found

checking for poll() ... found

checking for /dev/poll ... not found

checking for kqueue ... not found

checking for crypt() ... not found

checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found

checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found

checking for posix_fadvise() ... found

checking for O_DIRECT ... found

checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found

checking for directio() ... not found

checking for statfs() ... found

checking for statvfs() ... found

checking for dlopen() ... not found

checking for dlopen() in libdl ... found

checking for sched_yield() ... found

checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found

checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found

checking for SO_REUSEPORT ... found

checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found

checking for SO_BINDANY ... not found

checking for IP_TRANSPARENT ... found

checking for IP_BINDANY ... not found

checking for IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT ... found

checking for IP_RECVDSTADDR ... not found

checking for IP_SENDSRCADDR ... not found

checking for IP_PKTINFO ... found

checking for IPV6_RECVPKTINFO ... found

checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found

checking for TCP_KEEPIDLE ... found

checking for TCP_FASTOPEN ... found

checking for TCP_INFO ... found

checking for accept4() ... found

checking for int size ... 4 bytes

checking for long size ... 8 bytes

checking for long long size ... 8 bytes

checking for void * size ... 8 bytes

checking for uint32_t ... found

checking for uint64_t ... found

checking for sig_atomic_t ... found

checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes

checking for socklen_t ... found

checking for in_addr_t ... found

checking for in_port_t ... found

checking for rlim_t ... found

checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found

checking for system byte ordering ... little endian

checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes

checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes

checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes

checking for AF_INET6 ... found

checking for setproctitle() ... not found

checking for pread() ... found

checking for pwrite() ... found

checking for pwritev() ... found

checking for strerrordesc_np() ... not found

checking for sys_nerr ... found

checking for localtime_r() ... found

checking for clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) ... found

checking for posix_memalign() ... found

checking for memalign() ... found

checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found

checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found

checking for System V shared memory ... found

checking for POSIX semaphores ... not found

checking for POSIX semaphores in libpthread ... found

checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found

checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found

checking for ioctl(FIONREAD) ... found

checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found

checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found

checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found

checking for sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) ... found

checking for sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) ... found

checking for openat(), fstatat() ... found

checking for getaddrinfo() ... found

checking for PCRE2 library ... not found

checking for PCRE library ... found

checking for PCRE JIT support ... found

checking for zlib library ... found

creating objs/Makefile

Configuration summary

+ using system PCRE library

+ OpenSSL library is not used

+ using system zlib library

nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"

nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"

nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"

nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"

nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"

nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

这将配置Nginx以使用"/usr/local/nginx"作为安装目录。

4. 编译和安装

[root@td66 nginxSrc]# make && make install

make -f objs/Makefile

make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/local/nginxSrc”

cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \

-o objs/src/core/nginx.o \

src/core/nginx.c

cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \

-o objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \

src/core/ngx_log.c

5. 启动 Nginx

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/

./nginx

6. 验证安装

打开您的 Web 浏览器并访问服务器的 IP 地址或域名，您应该能够看到 Nginx 的欢迎页面。

二、Nginx命令

nginx 命令用于控制 Nginx 服务器的启动、停止、重新加载配置文件等操作。以下是一些常用的 nginx 命令及其说明：

1. 启动 Nginx

nginx

这个命令将启动 Nginx 服务器。如果配置文件（通常是 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 或 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf）存在且没有语法错误，Nginx 将开始监听配置的端口，并处理请求。

2. 停止 Nginx

nginx -s stop

或者

sudo service nginx stop

或者在某些系统上

sudo systemctl stop nginx

这些命令将停止正在运行的 Nginx 服务器。-s stop 选项发送一个信号给 Nginx 主进程，让它立即停止。

3. 重新加载配置

nginx -s reload

或者

sudo service nginx reload

或者在某些系统上

sudo systemctl reload nginx

这个命令将重新加载 Nginx 的配置文件。如果配置文件有变动，这个命令将应用新的配置，而不需要停止和重新启动 Nginx。重新加载配置通常不会导致正在处理的请求中断。

4. 测试配置文件的语法

nginx -t

这个命令将检查 Nginx 配置文件的语法是否正确，并返回结果。如果配置文件有语法错误，nginx -t 会指出错误的位置，但不会实际加载配置。

5. 显示版本信息

nginx -v

这个命令将显示当前安装的 Nginx 的版本信息。

6. 显示编译选项

nginx -V

这个命令将显示 Nginx 在编译时使用的选项和包含的模块。这对于诊断问题或了解特定模块是否已编译非常有用。

7. 其他常用命令

查看帮助信息：nginx -h 或 nginx --help平滑升级 Nginx：可以使用 nginx -s quit 来优雅地关闭旧版本的 Nginx，然后启动新版本。

请注意，上述命令可能需要使用 sudo 来获取管理员权限，具体取决于你的系统设置和 Nginx 的安装方式。此外，不同系统或安装方式可能会使用不同的服务管理器（如 systemctl、service 或 /etc/init.d/nginx 脚本），所以停止和启动服务的命令可能有所不同。

三、Nginx stream配置

3.1 编辑nginx.conf文件

vim nginx.conf

#user nobody;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

stream {

server {

listen 6666; # Nginx 监听的端口

proxy_pass 10.68.8.70:6666; # 后端服务器的地址和端口

}

}

3.2检查配置文件是否正确

nginx -t -c nginx.conf

如果报如下错误说明没有成功安装stream模块

nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "stream" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:16

3.3 使配置文件生效

nginx -s reload

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