人工智能 GAMES101 OpenCV环境安装

文章目录

Opencv 库编译Step 1.下载源码Step 2. 使用CMake编译Step3. 解决CMake 过程中的报错错误1：错误的Python版本:错误1 解决办法

错误2：下载ippicv_2020_win_ia32_20191018_general.zip失败错误2 解决办法

错误3：ffmpeg相关文件下载失败错误3 解决办法

Step 4. 配置opencv_contrib继续报错

Step 5. 选择BUILD_opencv_world选项Step 6. 点击GenerateStep 7. 编译OpenCV.sln工程编译时遇到的报错编译成功后生成的库和dll,以及include

添加环境变量测试是否安装成功

Opencv 库编译

作业2中用到了OpenCV

Step 1.下载源码

下载OpenCV 源码 OpenCV 4.5.4下载OpenCV_contrib OpenCV_contrib 4.5.4 注意：这两个源码的版本号要一致

Step 2. 使用CMake编译

将源码解压后，不要放在有中文路径的目录使用管理员权限打开CMake, 一开始未使用，发现点击Configure时会报错，使用管理员权限打开CMake后，点击Configure未报错。源码目录：opencv-4.5.4build目录：OpenCV_build(以下简称build目录)

注意：选择版本，我这里是x64 版本。为什么要选x64版本原因

“因为代码中有使用std::optional这个特性，这个特性是c++17中才有的，这个坑反应了好久才找到原因。

改完之后发现使用默认的x86设置，std::optional依然会报错，所以选了x64之后，环境就彻底配好了。所以第一步对应的库也要安装64位的。”

Step3. 解决CMake 过程中的报错

上述在Config过程中，会报很多错误，主要是一些下载的原因：

错误1：错误的Python版本:

CMake’s ‘find_host_package(PythonInterp 2.7)’ found wrong Python version

Found PythonInterp: C:/Program Files/Python310/python.exe (found suitable version "3.10.11", minimum required is "2.7")

CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVDetectPython.cmake:81 (message):

CMake's 'find_host_package(PythonInterp 2.7)' found wrong Python version:

PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:/Program Files/Python310/python.exe

PYTHON_VERSION_STRING=3.10.11

Consider providing the 'PYTHON2_EXECUTABLE' variable via CMake command line

or environment variables

Call Stack (most recent call first):

cmake/OpenCVDetectPython.cmake:271 (find_python)

CMakeLists.txt:622 (include)

错误1 解决办法

修改opencv-4.5.4\cmake\OpenCVDetectPython.cmake最后部分内容

if(PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE)

set(PYTHON_DEFAULT_AVAILABLE "TRUE")

elseif(PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE AND PYTHON3INTERP_FOUND)

# Use Python 3 as default Python interpreter

set(PYTHON_DEFAULT_AVAILABLE "TRUE")

set(PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE "${PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE}")

elseif(PYTHON2_EXECUTABLE AND PYTHON2INTERP_FOUND)

# Use Python 2 as fallback Python interpreter (if there is no Python 3)

set(PYTHON_DEFAULT_AVAILABLE "TRUE")

set(PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE "${PYTHON2_EXECUTABLE}")

endif()

参考链接1.How to use Cmake to build opencv with python 3 instead of python 2 参考链接2.Install OpenCV GPU with CUDA for Windows10

错误2：下载ippicv_2020_win_ia32_20191018_general.zip失败

Download: ippicv_2020_win_intel64_20191018_general.zip Download failed

IPPICV: Download: ippicv_2020_win_intel64_20191018_general.zip

Try 1 failed

CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVDownload.cmake:202 (message):

IPPICV: Download failed: 35;"SSL connect error"

For details please refer to the download log file:

C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/CMakeDownloadLog.txt

Call Stack (most recent call first):

3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv.cmake:37 (ocv_download)

cmake/OpenCVFindIPP.cmake:259 (download_ippicv)

cmake/OpenCVFindLibsPerf.cmake:12 (include)

CMakeLists.txt:727 (include)

错误2 解决办法

下载ippicv_2020_win_intel64_20191018_general.zip压缩文件打开build目录下的CMakeDownloadLog.txt文件，里面会提示下载的链接，

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/xxxxxx/ippicv/ippicv_2020_win_intel64_20191018_general.zip

拷贝压缩文件直接在浏览器内下载下来，然后将文件保存到opencv-4.5.4/3dparty/ippicv文件夹中修改ippicv.cmake 文件

set(THE_ROOT "${OpenCV_BINARY_DIR}/3rdparty/ippicv")

# ocv_download(FILENAME ${OPENCV_ICV_NAME}

# HASH ${OPENCV_ICV_HASH}

# URL

# "${OPENCV_IPPICV_URL}"

# "$ENV{OPENCV_IPPICV_URL}"

# "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/${IPPICV_COMMIT}/ippicv/"

# DESTINATION_DIR "${THE_ROOT}"

# ID IPPICV

# STATUS res

# UNPACK RELATIVE_URL)

错误3：ffmpeg相关文件下载失败

opencv_videoio_ffmpeg.dll opencv_videoio_ffmpeg_64.dll ffmpeg_version.cmake

FFMPEG: Download: opencv_videoio_ffmpeg.dll

Try 1 failed

CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVDownload.cmake:202 (message):

FFMPEG: Download failed: 35;"SSL connect error"

For details please refer to the download log file:

C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/CMakeDownloadLog.txt

Call Stack (most recent call first):

3rdparty/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.cmake:20 (ocv_download)

modules/videoio/cmake/detect_ffmpeg.cmake:14 (download_win_ffmpeg)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:7 (include)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:11 (add_backend)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:298 (include)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:361 (_add_modules_1)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:385 (ocv_glob_modules)

CMakeLists.txt:917 (ocv_register_modules)

FFMPEG: Download: opencv_videoio_ffmpeg_64.dll

Try 1 failed

CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVDownload.cmake:202 (message):

FFMPEG: Download failed: 35;"SSL connect error"

For details please refer to the download log file:

C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/CMakeDownloadLog.txt

Call Stack (most recent call first):

3rdparty/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.cmake:20 (ocv_download)

modules/videoio/cmake/detect_ffmpeg.cmake:14 (download_win_ffmpeg)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:7 (include)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:11 (add_backend)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:298 (include)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:361 (_add_modules_1)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:385 (ocv_glob_modules)

CMakeLists.txt:917 (ocv_register_modules)

FFMPEG: Download: ffmpeg_version.cmake

Try 1 failed

CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVDownload.cmake:202 (message):

FFMPEG: Download failed: 35;"SSL connect error"

For details please refer to the download log file:

C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/CMakeDownloadLog.txt

Call Stack (most recent call first):

3rdparty/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.cmake:20 (ocv_download)

modules/videoio/cmake/detect_ffmpeg.cmake:14 (download_win_ffmpeg)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:7 (include)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:11 (add_backend)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:298 (include)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:361 (_add_modules_1)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:385 (ocv_glob_modules)

CMakeLists.txt:917 (ocv_register_modules)

错误3 解决办法

下载缺失的两个文件参考CMakeDownloadLog.txt 里面的链接下载dll文件， ffmpeg_version.cmake的链接另存为文件，最后得到三个文件，如下所示：复制文件到opencv-4.5.4/3dparty/ffmepg目录修改ffmpeg.cmake文件

set(status TRUE)

# foreach(id ${ids})

# ocv_download(FILENAME ${name_${id}}

# HASH ${FFMPEG_FILE_HASH_${id}}

# URL

# "$ENV{OPENCV_FFMPEG_URL}"

# "${OPENCV_FFMPEG_URL}"

# "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/${FFMPEG_BINARIES_COMMIT}/ffmpeg/"

# DESTINATION_DIR ${FFMPEG_DOWNLOAD_DIR}

# ID FFMPEG

# RELATIVE_URL

# STATUS res)

# if(NOT res)

# set(status FALSE)

# endif()

# endforeach()

但仍然不够，到这里再次执行Configure时，会继续报错：

CMake Error at modules/videoio/cmake/detect_ffmpeg.cmake:16 (include):

include could not find requested file:

C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/3rdparty/ffmpeg/ffmpeg_version.cmake

Call Stack (most recent call first):

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:7 (include)

modules/videoio/cmake/init.cmake:11 (add_backend)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:298 (include)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:361 (_add_modules_1)

cmake/OpenCVModule.cmake:385 (ocv_glob_modules)

CMakeLists.txt:917 (ocv_register_modules)

参考链接Error at modules/videoio/cmake/detect_ffmpeg.cmake 网友的解决方案

I have encountered the same problem,mainly because cmake can't find ffmpeg_version.cmake file：

the src code file has a 3rdparty,

and your build dir has a 3rdparty,

cmake only search your build dir for ffmpeg_version.cmake,

so just copy the src 3rdparty's ffmpeg to the build dir's 3rdparty. bingo! problem fixed.

因此，按照上述描述，将opencv-4.5.4/3rdparty/ffmpeg整个文件夹拷贝到build目录下的3rdparty目录下，如下所示：

Step 4. 配置opencv_contrib

继续报错

在配置opencv_contrib后，点击configure,会继续报错，还是因为没有下载成功的原因，主要是wechat_qrcode 和 xfeatures2d 相关的文件。根据CMakeDownloadLog.txt里面的提示链接，手动下载缺失的文件，最后存放到build目录下的downloads目录下对应的文件夹：最后文件夹里面的文件如下所示。

wechat_qrcode xfeatures2d 至此，再次点击Congifure后，没有出现错误。

Step 5. 选择BUILD_opencv_world选项

这样，最后的库文件是一个dll文件。 OpenCV cmake配置项BUILD_opencv_world的说明

按照默认的CMakeLists.txt配置，BUILD_opencv_world默认是OFF状态，没有勾选。

编译生成的项目，会在build\lib\Debug目录下生成大量的lib和dll文件。

例如：有时网上设置项目环境时有人在链接器附加依赖项时需添加下列lib，当照着配置后会报错找不到…lib,在你的/x64/lib文件夹下压根没这些东西是因为你在编译的时候勾选了BUILD_opencv_world。

CMake中有一个选项名为BUILD_opencv_world，默认是不勾选的，它可以把所有的组件综合到一个名为opencv_world310d.lib或opencv_world310.lib的文件中，使以后配置工程时输入此单一文件即可。

如果编译成功，会生成下面两个lib

Step 6. 点击Generate

如果成功，显示Generate done.

Install to: C:/Resource/OpenCV/OpenCV_build/install

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Configuring done

Generating done

生成OpenCV.sln工程

Step 7. 编译OpenCV.sln工程

菜单栏->生成->选择生成的项目配置。注意：这里如果没有安装Python的Debug版本，在编译的时候，会报错。

编译时遇到的报错

LINK : fatal error LNK1104: 无法打开文件“python310_d.lib”

报错的原因参考无法打开pythonxxx_d.lib

所以应该是安装Python的时候，没有选择Debug版本。后来我重新卸载了已安装的Python，重新安装时选择Python Debug版本。重新编译后成功

编译成功后生成的库和dll,以及include

install 里面是我们需要的lib、dll以及头文件

添加环境变量

系统属性->环境变量->Path->添加opencv 库路径

测试是否安装成功

新建一个空的工程：

设置工程属性

Demo

#include

using namespace cv;

using namespace std;

int main() {

Mat img = imread("C:\\Resource\\OpenCV\\OpenCV_Project\\OpenCVTest\\x64\\Debug\\scenetext01.jpg");

imshow("img", img);

waitKey();

}

输出弹出的INFO信息关于这些信息如何避免这些错误参考这个网友提供的，我猜是因为Configure的时候没有勾选相关的内容勾选相关选项但是我这里没有试验，因为编译库的话又要好久~~

推荐链接

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计算机视觉人工智能仪表识别仪表盘计数指针识别指针读数基于opencv的指针式仪表的识别与读数