前言
如果使用docker去部署一套php的运行环境，我们需要构建出nginx、php-fpm两个容器，nginx通过fast_cgi协议去转发php-fpm中的端口，从而实现web server的搭建，接下来以php的laravel框架为演示例子。
部署php-fpm
第一步 编写php-fpm镜像的Dockerfile：
./Dockerfile
#根据你自身业务需求来选择官方的php基础镜像
FROM php:7.4-fpm-alpine
# 设置时区
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
# 创建supervisor进程管理器相关数据存在的文件夹
RUN mkdir -p "/var/log/supervisor" && mkdir -p "/var/run"
# 设置源，提高下载效率
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories
# 安装系统依赖
RUN apk update && apk --no-cache add \
autoconf \
g++ \
make \
openssl-dev \
libzip-dev \
unzip \
tzdata \
supervisor
# 安装Redis扩展
RUN pecl install redis && docker-php-ext-enable redis
# 安装PDO MySQL扩展
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql && docker-php-ext-enable pdo_mysql
# 安装opcache扩展
RUN docker-php-ext-install opcache && docker-php-ext-enable opcache
# 安装Composer
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
#工作目录
WORKDIR /app
# 定义容器启动时运行的命令
CMD ["/usr/bin/supervisord", "-c", "/etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf"]
第二步 配置Crontab定时任务：
./cronJob
* * * * * /usr/local/bin/php /app/www/laravel8/artisan schedule:run >> /var/log/laravel8-crontab-task.log 2>&1
第三步 配置supervisor进程管理器：
./supervisord/supervisord.conf
; supervisor config file
[unix_http_server]
file=/var/run/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file)
chmod=0700 ; sockef file mode (default 0700)
[supervisord]
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
childlogdir=/var/log/supervisor ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC
; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf
supervisord/conf.d/supervisord.conf
[supervisord]
nodaemon=true
[program:php-fpm]
command=/usr/local/sbin/php-fpm -F
autostart=true
autorestart=true
startretries=3
priority=1
stdout_logfile=/var/log/php-fpm.log
redirect_stderr=true
[program:crond]
command=/usr/sbin/crond -f
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/crond.log
redirect_stderr=true
priority=2
第四步 编写docker-compose.yml：
docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
php7.4fpm:
build:
dockerfile: Dockerfile
image: php7.4fpm
container_name: php7.4fpm
restart: always
volumes:
# 映射应用程序目录
- /Users/king/Code/laravel8:/app/www/laravel8
# 映射Crontab定时任务配置
- ./cronJob:/etc/crontabs/root
# 映射supervisor配置文件
- ./supervisord:/etc/supervisor
# 映射php扩展配置 ps：首次构建时需要注释，否则容器内该目录会为空
#- ./extensions:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d
# 映射fpm配置文件 ps：首次构建时需要注释，否则容器内该目录会为空
#- ./fpm-conf:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d
networks:
default:
external: true
name: frontend
第五步 构建镜像和容器：
拉去基础镜像
docker pull php:7.4-fpm-alpine
创建网络
docker network create frontend
容器编排
docker-compose up -d --build
查看容器状态
同步文件
#同步php扩展配置文件夹，后续可以直接在宿主机变更相关参数配置
docker cp php7.4fpm:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d ./extensions
#同步fpm配置文件夹，后续可以直接在宿主机变更相关参数配置
docker cp php7.4fpm:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d ./fpm-conf
查看当前目录结构
部署nginx
第一步 编写Dockerfile:
./Dockerfile
FROM nginx:alpine
# 安装时区工具
RUN set -ex \
&& sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories \
&& apk --update add tzdata \
&& cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 80 443
# 定义容器启动时运行的命令
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
第二步 编写配置文件以及站点vhost：
./nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#压缩配置
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_types
application/javascript
application/x-javascript
text/javascript
text/css
text/xml
application/xhtml+xml
application/xml
application/atom+xml
application/rdf+xml
application/rss+xml
application/geo+json
application/json
application/ld+json
application/manifest+json
application/x-web-app-manifest+json
image/svg+xml
text/x-cross-domain-policy;
gzip_static on;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
./conf.d/default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
root /app/www/laravel8/public;
index index.php index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass php7.4fpm:9000; # PHP-FPM 容器的地址和端口
fastcgi_index index.php;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
error_log /var/log/nginx/error-php7.4fpm.log;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access-php7.4fpm.log;
}
第三步 编写docker-compose.yml：
./docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
nginx:
build:
dockerfile: Dockerfile
image: nginx
container_name: nginx
volumes:
- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- ./conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
- ./log:/var/log/nginx
restart: always
ports:
- "80:80"
networks:
default:
external: true
name: frontend
第四步 构建镜像和容器：
拉去基础镜像
docker pull nginx:alpine
容器编排
docker-compose up -d --build
查看容器状态
目录结构
验证
如果以上步骤顺利操作，浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1或http://localhost看响应结果。
大功告成！
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