单元测试 软件测试 自动化测试 程序人生 职场和发展 命令行工具-cURL（用于使用URL传输数据）

     --proxy-insecure Do HTTPS proxy connections without verifying the proxy

     --proxy-key Private key for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-key-type Private key file type for proxy

     --proxy-negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication on the proxy

     --proxy-ntlm Use NTLM authentication on the proxy

     --proxy-pass Pass phrase for the private key for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-pinnedpubkey FILE/HASHES public key to verify proxy with

     --proxy-service-name SPNEGO proxy service name

     --proxy-ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw for interop for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-tls13-ciphers TLS 1.3 proxy cipher suites

     --proxy-tlsauthtype TLS authentication type for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-tlspassword TLS password for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-tlsuser TLS username for HTTPS proxy

     --proxy-tlsv1 Use TLSv1 for HTTPS proxy

 -U, --proxy-user  Proxy user and password

     --proxy1.0 Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port

 -p, --proxytunnel Operate through an HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT)

     --pubkey SSH Public key file name

 -Q, --quote Send command(s) to server before transfer

     --random-file File for reading random data from

 -r, --range  Retrieve only the bytes within RANGE

     --raw Do HTTP "raw"; no transfer decoding

 -e, --referer  Referrer URL

 -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename

 -O, --remote-name Write output to a file named as the remote file

     --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs

 -R, --remote-time Set the remote file's time on the local output

 -X, --request  Specify request command to use

     --request-target Specify the target for this request

     --resolve Resolve the host+port to this address

     --retry Retry request if transient problems occur

     --retry-connrefused Retry on connection refused (use with --retry)

     --retry-delay Wait time between retries

     --retry-max-time Retry only within this period

     --sasl-ir Enable initial response in SASL authentication

     --service-name SPNEGO service name

 -S, --show-error Show error even when -s is used

 -s, --silent Silent mode

     --socks4 SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port

     --socks4a SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port

     --socks5 SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port

     --socks5-basic Enable username/password auth for SOCKS5 proxies

     --socks5-gssapi Enable GSS-API auth for SOCKS5 proxies

     --socks5-gssapi-nec Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server

     --socks5-gssapi-service SOCKS5 proxy service name for GSS-API

     --socks5-hostname SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy

 -Y, --speed-limit  Stop transfers slower than this

 -y, --speed-time  Trigger 'speed-limit' abort after this time

     --ssl Try SSL/TLS

     --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop

     --ssl-no-revoke Disable cert revocation checks (Schannel)

     --ssl-reqd Require SSL/TLS

 -2, --sslv2 Use SSLv2

 -3, --sslv3 Use SSLv3

     --stderr Where to redirect stderr

     --styled-output Enable styled output for HTTP headers

     --suppress-connect-headers Suppress proxy CONNECT response headers

     --tcp-fastopen Use TCP Fast Open

     --tcp-nodelay Use the TCP_NODELAY option

 -t, --telnet-option  Set telnet option

     --tftp-blksize Set TFTP BLKSIZE option

     --tftp-no-options Do not send any TFTP options

 -z, --time-cond  Transfer based on a time condition

     --tls-max Set maximum allowed TLS version

     --tls13-ciphers TLS 1.3 cipher suites to use

     --tlsauthtype TLS authentication type

     --tlspassword TLS password

     --tlsuser TLS user name

 -1, --tlsv1 Use TLSv1.0 or greater

     --tlsv1.0 Use TLSv1.0 or greater

     --tlsv1.1 Use TLSv1.1 or greater

     --tlsv1.2 Use TLSv1.2 or greater

     --tlsv1.3 Use TLSv1.3 or greater

     --tr-encoding Request compressed transfer encoding

     --trace Write a debug trace to FILE

     --trace-ascii Like --trace, but without hex output

     --trace-time Add time stamps to trace/verbose output

     --unix-socket Connect through this Unix domain socket

 -T, --upload-file  Transfer local FILE to destination

     --url URL to work with

 -B, --use-ascii Use ASCII/text transfer

 -u, --user  Server user and password

 -A, --user-agent  Send User-Agent  to server

 -v, --verbose Make the operation more talkative

 -V, --version Show version number and quit

 -w, --write-out  Use output FORMAT after completion

     --xattr Store metadata in extended file attributes

4、将cURL命令转换为其他语言

推荐一个网址：

https://curlconverter.com/

可以将 cURL 命令转换为 Python、JavaScript、PHP、R、Go、C#、Ruby、Rust、Elixir、Java、MATLAB、Dart、CFML、Ansible URI 或 JSON。

打开此页面。

 示例：如下图是 Postman 一个接口的执行结果

将此接口的 cURL 代码拷贝进去，生成想要的代码，例如 Python。

将生成的 Python 代码复制后，进行执行。

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 公众号：AllTests软件测试

import requests

headers = {

    'accesstoken': 'test123',

    'Content-Type': 'application/json',

}

json_data = {

    'cancel': 0,

    'services': [

        {

            'status': 1,

            'code': '001',

        },

    ],

    'model': '基础款',

    'id': 'test123-001',

}

response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', headers=headers, json=json_data)

print(response.text)

执行结果和在 Postman 上执行的结果一致。

5、将cURL命令转换为Python请求的库

Uncurl 是一个库，允许你将 cURL 命令转换为使用 requests 的 Python 代码。由于 Chrome 网络检查器有一个漂亮的“复制为cURL”，因此该工具对于在 Python 中重新创建浏览器请求非常有用。

GitHub地址：

https://github.com/spulec/uncurl

安装

pip install uncurl

代码示例：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 公众号：AllTests软件测试

import uncurl

context = "curl -X POST 'http://httpbin.org/post' -H 'accesstoken: test123' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{\"cancel\": 0,\"services\": [{\"status\": 1,\"code\": \"001\"}],\"model\": \"demo\",\"id\": \"test123-001\"}'"

print(uncurl.parse(context))

运行结果，已经将 cURL 命令转换为 Python 请求。

接下来将转换后的 Python 请求脚本执行一下。

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 公众号：AllTests软件测试

import requests

response = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post",

    data='{"cancel": 0,"services": [{"status": 1,"code": "001"}],"model": "demo","id": "test123-001"}',

    headers={

        "Content-Type": "application/json",

        "accesstoken": "test123"

    },

    cookies={},

    auth=(),

)

print(response.text)

请求结果，执行成功。

6、将Python请求转换为cURL命令的库

Curlify 是一个库，允许你将 Python 请求转换为 cURL 命令。

GitHub地址：

https://github.com/ofw/curlify

安装：

pip install curlify

代码示例：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 公众号：伤心的辣条

import curlify

import requests

response = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post",

    data='{"cancel": 0,"services": [{"status": 1,"code": "001"}],"model": "demo","id": "test123-001"}',

    headers={

        "Content-Type": "application/json",

        "accesstoken": "test123"

    },

    cookies={},

    auth=(),

)

print(curlify.to_curl(response.request))

运行结果，已经将 Python 请求转换为 cURL 命令。

在命令行上执行 cURL 命令，执行成功。

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